Power steering makes modern vehicles easy to maneuver, but when it starts to fail, you'll notice immediately. Whether your vehicle has traditional hydraulic power steering or the newer electric power steering (EPS), the symptoms are hard to miss.
Hydraulic vs. Electric Power Steering
Hydraulic power steering (HPS) uses a belt-driven pump to pressurize power steering fluid, which assists the steering rack. It's found on most vehicles built before 2012 and many trucks and SUVs today.
Electric power steering (EPS) uses an electric motor mounted on the steering column or rack to provide assist. There's no fluid, no pump, and no belt. It's found on most passenger cars built after 2012.
The symptoms and repair approaches differ significantly between the two systems.
Symptoms of Hydraulic Power Steering Problems
Whining or groaning noise when turning. This is the most common symptom of a failing power steering pump or low fluid. The pump cavitates (draws air) when fluid is low, producing a distinctive whine.
Stiff or heavy steering. If the wheel suddenly feels much harder to turn, especially at low speeds or when parking, the pump may be failing or the fluid may be low.
Fluid leak. Power steering fluid is typically clear to light amber and has a slightly oily smell. Puddles under the front of the vehicle, or a low fluid reservoir, indicate a leak in the hoses, pump, or rack.
Loose or wandering steering. Excessive play in the steering wheel can indicate worn steering rack bushings or a failing rack-and-pinion assembly.
Symptoms of Electric Power Steering Problems
EPS warning light. An illuminated steering wheel icon on the dashboard indicates the EPS system has detected a fault.
Intermittent loss of assist. EPS systems can fail intermittently, especially when the motor overheats. You may notice the steering becomes heavy during slow maneuvers and returns to normal after a few minutes.
Steering pulls to one side. An EPS calibration issue or a failing torque sensor can cause the system to provide uneven assist.
Common Repairs and Costs
| Problem | Typical Cost |
|---|---|
| Power steering fluid flush | $80–$150 |
| Power steering hose replacement | $150–$350 |
| Power steering pump replacement | $300–$700 |
| Rack-and-pinion replacement | $800–$1,500 |
| EPS motor/module replacement | $400–$900 |
| EPS torque sensor | $200–$500 |
What to Do
Power steering problems rarely resolve on their own and typically worsen over time. A hydraulic leak will eventually leave you with no assist at all — a dangerous situation in an emergency maneuver. Bring your vehicle to Advantage Auto Service for a complete steering system inspection.
Call (770) 951-8055 or book online at 1775 Cobb Pkwy SE, Marietta, GA 30060.